In Spanish grammar, as in English, you conjugate verbs to reflect the tense (when the action occurred, is occurring, or will occur) and to agree with the subject in person and number. Note: The “vosotros” form (second person plural) is grey as a reminder that it is not used in Latin American Spanish (i.e. ACTIVE a form of the verb that is used

Example e fi ie o fi ue e fi i cerrar (to close) dormir (to sleep) pedir (to ask) 1.1 The Spanish alphabet 3 1.2 Diphthongs 6 1.3 Syllabification 6 1.4 Sinalefa 7 1.5 The written stress accent 7 1.6 Punctuation 9 1.7 Capital letters 10 2 Gender and gender agreements 11 2.1 Masculine and feminine 11 2.2 Plural 11 2.3 General rules for gender 12 2.4 Words which are both masculine and feminine 12 2.5 Nouns which vary in gender 12


Stem-Changing Verbs The following verbs are irregular in the stem when conjugated, except* in the nosotros and vosotros forms.
First Published 1942, 1943 …

Compare with concrete noun. Spanish Grammar Eric V. Greenfield Featuring a simplified presentation of Spanish grammar and small vocabulary of high frequency words in the context of interesting stories with ample translation exercises to develop oral and written fluency. 6 Example infinitive g fi jo coger (to pick, take) cojo escoger (to choose) escojo proteger (to protect) protejo dirigir (to manage) dirijo exigir (to demand) exijo 2. Spanish Verb Tenses INDICATIVE SUBJUNCTIVE PAST PRESENT FUTURE Present Perfect Present Present Perfect Present Yo hablo I speak …que yo hable …that I speak …que yo haya hablado …that I have spoken Yo he hablado I have spoken Imperfect …que yo hablara or …que yo hablase …that I spoke third-person plural p, op: in most of the Spanish speaking world) where the “ustedes” form (third person plural) is used instead. EL Spanish Grammar & Practice PRELIMS.indd vii 2/12/10 10:59:04. viii ABSTRACT NOUN a word used to refer to a quality, idea, feeling or experience, rather than a physical object, for example, size, reason, happiness.